Overcoming Bali's Congestion Crisis: A Water Taxi Feasibility Study

Blog > Overcoming Bali's Congestion Crisis

David Herse | December 13, 2025

Overcoming Congestion in Bali through Coastal Water Taxi Networks

Bali’s tourism recovery has overwhelmed its road infrastructure. With 6.33 million international arrivals in 2024—a 20% increase from the previous year—approximately 1,900–2,700 visitors travel from Ngurah Rai International Airport to Sanur daily.

The result: peak-period road travel now exceeds 60 minutes for a 15–20 km journey, with extended taxi queues adding further delays. Local residents face extended daily commutes, businesses experience delivery delays, and the quality of life for communities along the corridor continues to degrade.

Our Analysis

Mapulus conducted a preliminary feasibility study evaluating small water taxis as an alternative to road transport. Our analysis consolidated three assessments:

  • Airport–Sanur water route feasibility via Benoa Harbour
  • Comparative analysis of small water taxis versus large ferries
  • Proximity analysis of a distributed coastal landing network for intra-Sanur travel

Using spatial analytics, we modelled travel times, mapped points of interest relative to the coastline, and evaluated infrastructure requirements for different vessel types.

Key Findings

Mode Distance Travel Time (Peak)
Private Car 15–20 km 45–60+ min (plus waiting)
Small Water Taxi 15–18 km 25–40 min (including shuttle)

Water taxis can complete airport–Sanur journeys in 25–35 minutes, compared to 45–60+ minutes by road—a time savings of 25–50%.

A 10–20% mode shift of airport–Sanur passengers could remove approximately 500–700 vehicles daily from the Bypass Ngurah Rai corridor. More significantly, our proximity analysis revealed that 60% of hospitality venues and 66% of retail locations sit within 350m of the beach, supporting a distributed network of beach landing points rather than centralised terminals.

Walk time zones from Sanur beach showing proximity of hotels, retail, and hospitality venues Most hotels, restaurants, and retail destinations east of Jl. Bypass Ngurah Rai are reachable within 350–800 metres of the coastline, supporting a decentralised water taxi landing model.

Small water taxis (6–12 passengers) offer operational advantages over large ferries: minimal infrastructure requirements, on-demand service with 10–15 minute response times, and incremental scalability—one vessel at a time.

The Data Gap

Current estimates rely on modelling and comparative case studies. To validate these projections and guide network design, we recommend deploying a passive sensor network to:

  • Quantify actual travel patterns and modal shift potential
  • Identify optimal landing locations and service frequency
  • Collect data across seasonal variation (high, shoulder, and low seasons)

This empirical validation would provide government planners and private operators with the technical evidence needed to justify investment, secure permits, and achieve commercial viability.

Download the Full Report

Our complete preliminary report includes detailed travel time calculations, proximity analysis tables, infrastructure comparisons, and a recommended implementation framework covering regulatory compliance, risk assessment, and business model development.

Get the Full Report


Mapulus provides spatial analytics, movement sensor deployment, and feasibility studies for transport infrastructure planning. Contact us to discuss similar projects in your region.